自我颈部牵引时应注意什么？

自我颈部牵引必须由医生指导，并告知注意事项后方可进行。一般说来，自我颈部牵引(是否可以在家庭开展自我牵引？)时应注意的有：

（1）牵引带应柔软、透气性好，枕一颌连结带、悬吊带要调为左、右等长，使枕、颌及左、右颌侧四处均等。

（2）挂于牵引钩的牵引带二端间距为头颅横径的2倍，以免两侧耳朵及颞部受压，影响头部血液回流。

（3）牵引绳要够长（约2.5米长），要结实，牵引架的固定要可靠。

（4）牵引重物高度以距地面20~60厘米为宜，即病人站立后重物可落在地上，悬吊的绳索要在患者手能够到的范围。

（5）牵引的角度要采取轻度前屈位，即头前屈与躯干呈10～20度角。

（6）牵引的重量可从3～5公斤开始，逐渐增加到8～10公斤。每日牵引的时间在10～30分钟左右，每一疗程以3～4周为宜。在症状缓解或消失较快时，不应过早中止牵引，以减少复发率，具体的牵引重量和时间可根据患者的具体情况和牵引效果而定，一般以牵引时无头晕、颈部疼痛等不适，牵引后症状减轻，无疲乏无力的感觉为宜。

有时在自我牵引过程中由于操作不当也会出现一些不适情况，如出现下颌疼痛、颈部肌痛、腰痛等现象。下颌疼痛往往是由于牵引带过紧、压力过大，可用海绵或薄毛巾垫于下颌部的方法予以解决；颈部疼痛是颈部肌肉本身因颈椎病而痉挛或牵拉所致，因此，在牵引前用热敷等物理疗法可缓解；腰痛则通常由于坐的姿势有问题，可通过调节坐凳高低、屈曲膝关节，或脚置于小脚凳上来缓解。

在经过一段时间的自我牵引治疗后，症状无缓解，或在此期间症状有加重者，则应停止自我牵引，及时就诊，查明原因，以得到及时无误的正规治疗。

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