颈椎病患者康复疗法的基本原则有哪些？

颈椎病患者的康复疗法较多，综合起来大致可有牵引、医疗体育、物理疗法、西式手法、药物、固定和制动、手术、推拿、针灸/针刀疗法和中草药等方法。但对于每个人颈椎病患者来说，并非每一种疗法均需要采用，也并非每一种疗法都适宜。由于颈椎组织结构的特点以及各型颈椎病病情不同，各种治疗方法的内容也不尽相同，但在治疗的具体实施过程中，所遵循的基本原则是大致相同的，现分述如下：

（1）任何康复手段均应符合颈椎的生理解剖特点，如牵引须掌握一定的时间和重量，推拿切忌粗暴，以避免意外或加速病程发展。

（2）非手术 疗法一般可使颈椎病症状有较大幅度的减轻，尤其是早期患者，可有较明显的好转。因此，在整个治疗措施中，应首先选用非手术治疗。非手术治疗方法的实施要求是正规治疗，针对不同患者，采取相应治疗后，基本上要按该方法循序渐进，持之以恒，切不可“三天打鱼，两天晒网”。

（3）非手术疗法可采取综合治疗的方法，例如牵引、医疗体操、推拿、理疗、针灸等方法，可起到相辅相成的作用，所以一般治疗措施不应过多，而且有时有些治疗方法（如大重量牵引、重手法推拿等较强烈的疗法）不可同时并用。

（4）手术疗法仅对正规非手术疗法效果不佳、症状仍较严重的患者方可使用。如神经根型患者上肢感觉障碍、肌力下降和反射异常明显者；脊髓型患者呈进行性脊髓损害症状者；椎动脉型有猝倒症状或食管压迫型有明显食管压迫症状者。

（5）手术疗法前后，非手术疗法的作用不可忽视。术前非手术为手术提供了有利条件，如减轻或消退了水肿、渗出等炎性反应，以降低术中意外的可能性；术后非手机疗法离则有助于加强手术疗效，更好地使患者痊愈。

由于颈椎病是一长期、慢性、进行性疾病，且容易复发，所以，基本原则中更提倡患者的自我治疗、自我保健。在家庭或工作余暇，通过简易可行的治疗方法达到治疗的目的，去除生活和工作中的不良因素，预防病情发展和复发，则是治疗颈椎病、降低复发率的更为有力的措施。

《颈椎病患者康复疗法的基本原则有哪些？》有1,317个想法

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