第四军医大学第一附属医院运用生物力学和祖国医学中“动静结合”的原理,研制的运动性颈托是一种较为新颖的颈椎病治疗的器具。它主要是由弹性支垫、下颌托片(中心及侧位)、升降杆、球形关节、调角螺旋、托盘等组成。
由于人类日常活动最多的是低头弯腰,而长期头部的前屈,头部的重量迫使颈部伸肌、韧带负担加大,使颈部伸肌处于高度紧张状态,同时颈椎间盘所承受的压力也显著增大;过度的弯腰也势必表现为头部前屈。运动性颈托主要是通过增加支撑点的数量,使头部重心落在附加的支撑点上,以平均分配肌肉张力,降低颈部伸肌的紧张程度,缓解疼痛,并通过无重力负荷状态下的运动,加大颈椎关节活动幅度及灵活性,改善或加大脑血流量,预防或分离神经根粘连,消除颈椎关节功能障碍。
具体应用运动性颈托时,首先将升降杆调节至适当高度(保持视距约33厘米为最合适),根据个体下颌发育的差异调节下颌托片,将3个托片牢靠地支持住下颌骨3个着力点,通过调节调角螺丝,使球丝关节可充分滑动,在球形关节的带动下,患者可进行颈部屈伸、侧屈、旋转活动。通常为每天2~3次,每次10~15分钟(以颈部有轻松感为宜);也可安排在书写过程中进行,每书写1小时运动10分钟。在运动前若能配合10~15分钟的颈部热敷或颈部牵引,则效果更理想。
运动性颈托操作方便,在经过一个适应过程后,患者 即可自行操作,可在家中自行治疗或作为颈椎保健的运动工具。除了各种类型的颈椎病外,颈椎创伤及手术后恢复期,视力的保护等均可使用运动性颈托。
《如何应用运动性颈托治疗颈椎病?》有1,234个想法
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